NPTEL Artificial Intelligence: Knowledge Representation And Reasoning Week 11 Assignment Answers 2025
1. A Frame ________________ .
- is a representation mechanism that reflects domain structure
- is a boundary drawn for a unary predicate in a semantic net
- is a precursor to class and object in object oriented programming
- is an electronic case for storing a photo
- is a mechanism for aggregation of information into a data structure
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2. The filler of a slot in an individual frame may be ____________ .
- a value
- another individual frame
- a generic frame
- an attached procedure
- none of the above
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3. The program PAM was designed _______________ .
- to understand natural language stories
- to apply planning knowledge to generate a plan in a situation
- to work with relations between goals and plans of an actor
- to work with relations between goals and actions of an actor
- to work with relations between plans and actions of an actor
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4. The program PAM ______________ .
- does only top down reasoning
- does only bottom up reasoning
- alternates between the two till a match for the input happens
- may hypothesize (assume) goals that an agent may have but are not stated
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5. Which of the following are true for bottom up reasoning in PAM?
- A plan is explained by a goal.
- A goal is explained by a plan.
- A goal is explained by an action.
- An action is explained by a goal.
- A plan is explained by an action
- An action is explained by a plan.
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6. Which of the following are true for top down reasoning in PAM?
- A plan predicts a goal.
- A goal predicts a plan.
- A goal predicts an action.
- An action predicts a goal.
- A plan predicts an action.
- An action predicts a plan.
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7. Goal conflict in PAM refers __ .
- when one goal precludes another goal of the same actor
- when one goal precludes another goal of a different actor
- a planner creates a plan to solve a goal that recurs very often
- when a goal is more general than another goal
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8. Goal concord in PAM refers __ .
- when one goal facilitates another goal of the same actor
- when one goal facilitates another goal of a different actor
- when two goals of an actor are conflicting
- when a goal is more general than another goal
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9. When PAM hears about an action in the story that was not a prediction it tries to find out if __ .
- the action was arbitrary and not related to the story
- the action was a part of a known plan of the actor
- the action was part of a plan for a known goal of the actor
- the action was instigated by another actor
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10. In the terminology used by PAM a GAP is __ .
- is part of the story that is missing
- is the distance between and action and a distant goal
- is an empty slot in the CD representation that needs to be filled
- a generalized application planner
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11. The algorithm Classify __ .
- is used to determine the class label of a new input
- uses the subsumes relation to construct a taxonomy
- is used to distinguish plans from goals
- is used to distinguish actions from plans
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12. In an abstraction hierarchy __ .
- there is a relation expressed between a class and a subclass
- reified elements are composed from simpler elements
- one implements a part-of relation between entities
- two elements are related by the IS-A or INSTANCE-OF relation
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13. Inheritance is said to be strict if __ .
- an entity can inherit something only from one ancestor
- an entity can override an inherited value
- an entity cannot override an inherited value
- if every value has to be inherited from some ancestor
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14. Edges in an inheritance hierarchy represent __ .
- connections to role fillers
- a class subclass relation
- a part-of relation
- none of the above
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15. An inheritance hierarchy with a conclusion node C w.r.t. a node “A” __ .
- can have the conclusion “A is a C” .
- can have the conclusion “A is not C”.
- can have both the conclusions “A is a C” and “A is not a C”.
- cannot have both the conclusions “A is a C” and “A is not a C”.
- cannot have an admissible positive path and an admissible negative path from A to C.
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16. A credulous extension of a (possibly ambiguous) inheritance hierarchy with respect to a node “A” __ .
- is a subgraph of the inheritance hierarchy
- extends the hierarchy to its transitive closure
- has a path from A to every node in the extension
- does not support both a conclusion C and the conclusion ¬C
- can support both a conclusion C and the conclusion ¬C
- can be extended to a larger subgraph of the hierarchy which is a credulous extension
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17. Identify the edges that are admissible with respect to node ‘a’ in the above graph.
- a ∙ B
- a ∙ G
- B ∙ C
- G ∙ ¬C
- C ∙ D
- D ∙ E
- B ∙ ¬E
- None of the above.
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18. Identify the redundant edges in the above graph with respect to ‘a’.
- a ∙ B
- a ∙ G
- B ∙ C
- G ∙ ¬C
- C ∙ D
- D ∙ E
- B ∙ ¬E
- None of the above.
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19. Which of the following paths are admissible?
- a ∙B ∙C ∙D ∙E
- a ∙D ∙E
- a ∙B ∙¬E
- a ∙G ∙¬C
- a ∙G ∙¬C ∙D
- a ∙G ∙¬C ∙D ∙E
- None of the above.
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20. Which of the following beliefs hold for ‘a’?
- a→ E
- a → ¬E
- a → C
- a → ¬C
- a → D
- a → ¬D
- None of the above.
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